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.The chair of the committee, a tax manager26for Georgia-Pacific Corporation, said,  No matter what happens, the sales-27and use-tax exemptions that we have reviewed should remain in place28because it is a very important part of our state in getting new industry.29A 2002 state-commissioned study contended that additional tax cuts and30financial incentives needed to be put in place if Arkansas were to become31competitive for a  super project such as an automobile manufacturing32facility.33" Although agriculture remains the state s largest single industry, Arkansas is34the sole state without an independent Department of Agriculture because3536 agribusiness has argued successfully that it needs freedom from regulation37 in a challenging farm economy.Regulatory authority over agriculture is left,38 therefore, with a variety of industry-controlled boards like the state Plant39 Board, which regulates matters such as chemicals used in farming.The134 The Influence of Interest Groups1 state s mammoth rice industry is deeply reliant upon Facet, a weed eater that2 also kills tomatoes and bell peppers.Despite 324 complaints about Facet s3 damaging impact over a three-year period, the Plant Board a majority of4 whose membership is selected by industry groups consistently refused to5 alter the rules on the use of Facet.6 " In 1993, having been stymied by labor over several legislative sessions,7 business interests (led by the state Chamber of Commerce and citing the need8 for a healthier business climate) pushed through major changes in the state s9 workers compensation law, which made it more difficult for workers to sue10 for compensation.Labor contended that the result was the most antiworker11 law in the nation ( God help the workers, said the state s afl-cio president[Last Page12 at the time).Claims dropped from twenty-one thousand in 1992 to fourteen[134], (19)13 thousand in 2000.3514The political climate in Arkansas has become much more open and15participatory, much more clean and competitive, than ever before, and manyLines: 20816new groups and interests have taken a seat at the political table.Still, it is well  17to stay alert to lingering echoes from the past.It is possible that Arkansas,251.34018having never experienced government of, by, and for the people, leapfrogged  19into an era of government of, by, and for its best organized groups.Normal Pa20PgEnds: TE212223[134], (19)242526272829303132333435363738391234chapter seven567The Constitution:89Provisions and Politics1011[First Page]12[135], (1)13A constitution.requires that only its great outlines should be marked, its14important objects designated.15Chief Justice John Marshall, 1819Lines: 0 to 6416  17All affidavits of Registration shall be made and executed in quadruplicate, the1.0pt PgV18original and each copy of a distinctively different color.Each form shall be  19printed at the top thereof with the word  Original,  Duplicate,  Triplicate, Normal Page20or  Quadruplicate, as the case may be.The forms shall be bound togetherPgEnds: TEX21in books or pads and each set of copies shall be capable of being detached22from the book or pad and inserted and locked into the Registration Record23[135], (1)Files.24 Arkansas constitution, amendment 512526 The winds of change that produced so many modifications in Arkansas27 politics in recent decades also generated an intense period of attempted28 constitutional reform.On four separate occasions between 1968 and 1995,29 machinery was established to replace the existing constitution, written in30 1874, with a new one that was more appropriate to contemporary circum-31 stances and needs.Since none of these efforts succeeded, Arkansas still32 operates under a constitution better designed to prevent the recurrence of33 Reconstruction than to enable an early-twenty-first-century government to34 perform effectively.In that sense, the more things change, the more they35 seem to remain the same.36 Still, the constitutional picture is not a thoroughly bleak one.The con-37 stitution itself is one of the most democratic in the nation and is one of38 the most majoritarian components of Arkansas s political system.Some of39 the most obstructionist provisions of the 1874 document have recently been136 The Constitution1 removed or revised, and contemporary officeholders have devised means to2 accommodate themselves to much of what remains.34what caused the constitution56 Like all constitutions, Arkansas s is both a formal, legal document es-7 tablishing the rights of the people and the basic structure and powers of8 government and a political document reflecting the particular circumstances9 that produced it.Arkansas has had five constitutions, each of which, as10 Ralph C.Barnhart has noted, was  born out of some kind of crisis11 statehood, civil war, military occupation, Reconstruction, and the reaction12 to Reconstruction. 1[136], (2)13 The 1836 constitution was the necessary qualification for statehood.It was14 fairly brief and straightforward, using the U.S [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]